We report on a non-interacting technique for thermal characterization offluids based on surface plasmon resonance interrogation. Using liquid volumesless than 20 micro liters we have determined the materials' thermo-opticcoefficients with an accuracy of better than 10^{-5} 1/{\deg}C and demonstratedtemperature sensing with an accuracy of 0.03 {\deg}C. The apparatus employs alow-power probe laser, requiring only a single wavelength, polarization andinterrogation angle for accurate characterization. The device is particularlysuited for precise diagnostics of liquids and gases within microfluidicsystems, and may also be readily integrated into a variety of lab-on-chipplatforms, providing rapid and accurate temperature diagnostics.
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